In October 2024, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a final rule requiring all drinking water systems across the country to identify and replace lead service lines within 10 years. To support this, federal programs, including the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act (WIIN), Drinking Water State Revolving Funds (DW...

Secondary contaminants in drinking water, also known as nuisance chemicals, do not pose potential health hazards but they may cause water to smell or taste unpleasant and appear cloudy or discolored. Drinking water with secondary contaminants can be extremely off-putting, even if it is safe and may cause people to change their consumption behaviors...